突变理论研究方程解的定性性质如何依赖于方程中出现的参数。子专业包括分岔理论、非平衡热力学、奇点理论、协同论和拓扑动力学。对于任何寻求最小化函数的系统，对于四个或更少变量，仅“通常”出现七种不同的局部突变形式。
突变理论
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参考文献
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突变理论请引用为
Weisstein, Eric W. "突变理论。" 来自 MathWorld--Wolfram Web 资源。 https://mathworld.net.cn/CatastropheTheory.html